IASNOVA
PVTGs In NEWS
Kolam Tribe- Andhra(including Telangana) and Maharashtra
- Kolam are PVTG from Maharashtra and Andhra.
- They speak the Kolami language, they are an agricultural community. The Kolam are an endogamous group.
- They have a high rate of returning positive to the Naked eye single tube red cell osmotic fragility test (NESTROFT) test, making them prone to high incidence of Thalassaemia.
Why in News? (Not needed)
Kolams have been in news whole year for many reasons-
- A 10-minute documentary on life of Kolams, a particularly vulnerable tribal group, inhabiting various parts of erstwhile Adilabad district won special jury award in an international film festival held in Madhya Pradesh
- Another news- One God, but different rituals cause exodus in TelanganaIn Kolam hamlet, 20 Kodappa families leave village after Attram families raise objection to former praying in village)
- Curbs on forest bamboo hits Kolams, Naikpods
There are eight major PVTGs in Andhra and Telangana : Chenchu, Gadaba, Kondh, Kolam, Konda Reddi, Konda Savara, Poroja, and Thoti.
Maldhari Tribe
- in Junagadh(Gujarat)
- The success of lion conservation in Gir forest area is due to peaceful coexistence of tribe with lions.
Andaman PVTGS
Andaman is home to five groups of PVTGs, including-
Sentinelese, Jarawa, Great Andamanese, Ongi and Shompens.
This is besides the Nicobarese who are Scheduled Tribes. While Sentinelese have so far fiercely kept themselves out of bounds from outsiders, shooting arrows at anyone who gets near their island, others have been in touch with outsiders.
In November 2018, an American national, 27-year-old John Allen Chau, was killed by Sentinelese when he tried to illegally approach them. His body could not be recovered till date despite attempts.
(News-Andaman administration moves to block COVID-19 from reaching indigenous tribals)
Also in News-
On April 4, Licho, one of the four last speakers of the Great Andamanic language family, died of tuberculosis and other multiple disease in Port Blair on South Andaman Island in the Bay of Bengal.
Great Andamanic is one of India’s six language families, alongside Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, Austroasiatic and Tai-Kadai.
Great Andamanese language — a mixture of Jero, Sare, Khora and Bo languages.
Shompen Tribes
- In the fragile interiors of the Great Nicobar island on the Indian Ocean, there are less than 250 Shompen people.
- Their numbers have been dwindling over the years — from 398 in the 2001 Census to 229 in 2011, with the 2004 tsunami striking the island in between.
- Now, the novel coronavirus, which has killed over 7.5 lakh people across the world, has reached the doorstep of the Shompens.
Korwa Tribe -PVTG in Jharkhand
- (News- Battling Hunger in Jharkhand amid Lockdown as Govt Remains Non-committal on PDS Universalisation)
Mankidia community – Odisha
- one of the 13 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups of Odisha
- the Simlipal Tiger Reserve in Odisha where habitat rights of the Mankidia community were in limbo since 2016.
- (also in news-Mankidias tribals in Odisha to get pucca houses)
Abujh Marias- PVTGs in Chhatisgarh
- Chhattisgarh Government to grant habitat rights to Abujh Marias, a particularly vulnerable tribal group that reside in the Abujmarh forest,Bastar region, considered a bastion of Naxalism
- Latest- 5 persons belonging to the tribe have tested positive
Koragas- Karnataka , Kerala
Koragas are a tribal people who live in Dakshin Kannada (DK) and Udupi districts of Karnataka and Kasargod district of Kerala.
The Koragas are classified as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG).
The Ajal practices, a set of inhuman and discriminatory practices dating back several centuries, are still forced on the Koragas.
https://www.firstpost.com/india/adivasis-and-the-indian-state-karnatakas-koraga-tribe-battles-centuries-old-discriminatory-practice-official-inaction-adds-to-woes-7371531.html
Bonda community -Odisha
The Bonda are a Munda ethnic group approximately 12,000 (2011 census) who live in the isolated hill regions of the Malkangiri district of southwestern Odisha, India, near the junction of the three states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh.
This Odisha tribe grows 20 crop varieties without jeopardising biodiversity
The Bonda tribe practices a unique form of shifting cultivation that enables the growth of many crop varieties while ensuring that the climate and forest are not harmed.
The farm practice they call dangar chas (highland cultivation) has for generations ensured food security.
Latest-The COVID-19 pandemic has reached the Bondas,4 members of the community have tested positive for COVID-19.
Odisha is home to 62 tribal communities — the largest diverse groups of tribal population in India. 13 of them are PVTGs.
The PVTGs of the State — Bonda, Birhor, Chuktia Bhunjia, Didayi, Dungaria Kandha, Hill Kharia, Juang, Kutia Kondh, Lanjia Saora, Lodha, Mankirdia, Paudi Bhuyan and Saora.
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/agriculture/this-odisha-tribe-grows-20-crop-varieties-without-jeopardising-biodiversity-65738
Idu Mishmi Tribes- Arunachal Pradesh
- In news because Idu Mishmi textiles got GI Tag recently.
Kallar Kadar – Tamil Nadu- not a PVTG
As many as 23 families of Kallar Kadar tribal community who were evicted from their settlement inside Anamalai Tiger Reserve (ATR) in August 2019 continue to stay in dilapidated quarters of a tea estate near Valparai.
Sarna
Sarna, a so-called “religion” based on the concept of nature worship, is followed by tribals in several Indian states including Jharkhand. Tribals in Jharkhand have long been demanding a separate Sarna religious code in the Census.
(In news recently due to their demand for separate religion during Jharkand elections)
Birhor
- PVTG in Chhattisgarh
- A tribal girl from a particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG), where the education for girls is still seen as a social taboo, has become the first in her Birhor community to pass the Class 12 Board examination as a regular student fighting all odds.
- Birhor tribal groups are found in districts of Jashpur, Raigarh, Sarguja, Bilaspur and Korba in Chhattisgarh state.
Birjia Tribe
- Birjia tribe, a particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) in Jharkhand.
- https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/economy/breaking-the-cycle-of-poverty-financial-freedom-for-tribal-women-72816
Other Important PVTGs from Previous Year Current Affairs
- Sentinelese tribe– inhabit North Sentinel Island- Andaman and Nicobar Islands= In news because they killed an American citizen who was a Christian missionary,with bows and arrows .They have the lowest population among all PVTGs.
- Idu Mishmi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh is protesting against the declaration of Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary (DWS) as Tiger Reserve. Because declaration of an area as tiger reserve prohibits many types of work like cutting trees, collecting wood for fuel and agricultural and tourism activities for the indigenous Idu Mishmi people. Idu Mishmi people traditionally follow an animist and shamanistic faith and believe that tigers are their elder siblings. Tigers are never hunted by Idu Mishmi and even If a tiger is killed in self-defense, it will receive the same burial as a human being.
- Bishnoi Tribe of Rajasthan: Bishnois consider trees as sacred and protect the entire ecosystem including animals and birds that exists in their villages. Tribe has organized their own Tiger Force which is a brigade of youth actively pursue wildlife protection.
- Chenchu Tribe of Andhra Pradesh: They are involved in tiger conservation at Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR). Tribe has been coexisting with tigers and wild animals for long without disturbing the ecological balance, which ensures enough water and fodder for the herbivores.
- Bugun Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh: The tribe using Community-led conservation initiatives and traditional knowledge helped to protect the critically endangered bird Bugun Liocichla. For its efforts Singchung Bugun Community Reserve won the India Biodiversity Award 2018.
- Nyishi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh in conserving hornbills in the Pakke/Pakhui Tiger Reserve. Recently, government of Arunachal Pradesh declared the Pakke Paga Hornbill Festival (PPHF)–the state’s only conservation festival, as a ‘state festival’.
- Raji tribe– Uttarakhand
