Current Conflicts in the World- UPSC 2024
IASNOVA
Quick Revision Booklet- Factoids/ One Liners/ Bullet Summaries for UPSC Prelims 2024
MSP, Swaminathan Commission, Shanta Committee- UPSC Exam
Green Steel and CABM- Prelims 2024
In News recently: Europe’s green steel mandate rocks Indian steel exports Green Steel Green steel refers to steel produced using environmentally friendly processes, with a major focus on reducing carbon dioxide emissions associated with traditional steelmaking. Definition: Green steel…
Critical Minerals- UPSC 2024 Prelims
Corporate Governance- Ethics Paper
Ethical Issues in International Relations
Introduction Ethical issues in international relations encompass a complex spectrum of concerns arising from the interactions between different nations. These interactions are governed not just by political and economic interests but are also deeply influenced by ethical considerations. The field…
Philosophical Basis of Governance and Probity
Introduction The philosophical basis of governance and probity delves into the ethical frameworks and moral principles that underpin the functioning of governments and public institutions. This concept is rooted in the belief that governance should be guided by ethical considerations,…
Concept of Public Service
Probity in Governance
Aptitude and Foundational Values for Civil Service
Emotional Intelligence- Utilities and Applications in Administration and Governance
Emotional Intelligence (EI) has become increasingly recognized as a vital skill in administration and governance. It involves the ability to understand, use, and manage emotions effectively to relieve stress, communicate effectively, empathize with others, overcome challenges, and defuse conflict. In…
Emotional Intelligence- Concepts
Social Influence and Persuasion
Moral and Political Attitudes
Moral Attitudes Moral attitudes refer to the predispositions or orientations individuals have towards ethical principles, values, and judgments. They play a crucial role in guiding behavior and decision-making, especially in situations involving moral or ethical dilemmas. Nature of Moral Attitudes:…
Attitude’s Influence and Relation with Thought and Behavior
Attitude’s influence on and relation with thought and behavior is a crucial area of study in psychology and ethics. Attitudes significantly shape how individuals think and behave, impacting their decision-making processes, interpersonal interactions, and overall approach to various situations. Attitude…
Role of Family, Society, and Educational Institutions in Inculcating Values
Kantianism
Kantianism, a philosophical theory developed by Immanuel Kant in the 18th century, emphasizes the principles of rationality, autonomy, and the moral law. It represents a significant shift from the consequentialist framework of utilitarianism to a deontological ethical theory, where the…
Utilitarianism
Stoicism
Epicureanism
ARISTOTLE
PLATO
SOCRATES
Tiruvalluvar- Lessons from Life and Teachings
Guru Nanak- Lessons from Life and Teachings
Guru Ravidas- Lessons from Life and Teachings
Kautilya- Lessons from Life and Teachings
Sri Rabindranath Tagore- Lessons from Life and Teachings
Rabindranath Tagore, a luminary of Indian culture, was a poet, writer, philosopher, educator, and Nobel laureate. Beyond his literary genius, Tagore was a visionary who advocated for educational and social reforms, and his thoughts on nationalism, internationalism, and spirituality continue…
Narayana Guru- Lessons from Life and Teachings
Swami Dayananda Saraswati- Lesson from Life and Teachings
Swami Dayananda Saraswati, a prominent Hindu religious leader and the founder of the Arya Samaj, significantly impacted Indian society in the 19th century. His teachings and reformist activities focused on reviving Vedic ideologies and practices, challenging prevailing religious superstitions, and…
Raja Ram Mohan Roy- Lesson from Life and Teachings
Sri Aurobindo- Lesson from Life and Teachings
Sri Aurobindo, an influential spiritual leader, philosopher, and nationalist, made significant contributions to the fields of spirituality, ethics, and human potential. His life and teachings provide profound insights into the integration of spiritual practices with daily life, offering valuable lessons…
Ramakrishna Paramahamsa- Lesson from Life and Teachings
Swami Vivekananda- Lesson from Life and Teachings
Ethics – in Private and Public Relationships
Dimensions of Ethics
Essence, Determinants, and Consequences Of Ethics in Human Actions
Two Aspects of the Moral- Moral Relativism and Moral Absolutism
Definition of Ethics- UPSC GS-IV
Endangered Plants/ Trees In News – UPSC Prelims 2024
Format For Answering Case Studies in Ethics GS4 UPSC Paper- A Complete Guide
This article gives a comprehensive guide to students for solving case studies related questions in ETHICS, INTEGRITY AND APTITUDE GS4 Paper. The article covers what all steps must be taken while framing a perfect answer for ethics case studies. The article also mentions all the lenses through which the dilemma should be analyzed. Finally a framework to reach at the most ethical conclusion is also mentioned.
Green Revolution- UPSC Exam
Psychology of Gender- UPSC Exam
The Psychology of Gender is an expansive field that examines the social, cultural, biological, and psychological influences that constitute gender and how these aspects influence differences in behavior, cognition, and development among individuals. Here’s a detailed look at its various…
Issues of Gender-based Discrimination and Management of Diversity – UPSC
Addressing gender-based discrimination requires a comprehensive approach that applies psychological principles to change individual attitudes, organizational cultures, and societal norms. Below are the psychological principles that can be implemented and the corresponding interventions. Psychological Principles to Address Gender-Based Discrimination Principle…
Glass Ceiling Effect and Psychological Interventions- UPSC
Motivating For Small Family Norms- Population Psychology
Psychology can be an instrumental tool in promoting small family norms by influencing attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors related to family planning and child-rearing practices. Here are some principles from psychology that can be used, followed by potential interventions: Psychological Principles…
Govt. Policies for Promotion of Entrepreneurship Among Youth Including Women Entrepreneurs
Consumer Rights and Consumer Awareness- UPSC
Motivating and Training People for Entrepreneurship and Economic Development
Psychological principles and interventions aimed at motivating and training individuals for entrepreneurship involve several strategic elements: Self-Efficacy Enhancement Principle: Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their capability to execute actions required to manage prospective situations. Higher self-efficacy is associated…
Characteristics of Entrepreneurial Behavior- UPSC
Entrepreneurial behavior is a subset of human action pertinent to the initiation and development of new business ventures. Applied psychology examines such behavior to understand and predict how entrepreneurs will act in different circumstances and the traits that predispose individuals…
Achievement Motivation and Economic Development – UPSC
Achievement motivation is often linked to economic development. Achievement motivation refers to an individual’s persistent effort to achieve success and excellence in their endeavors. This drive is influenced by personal standards and the desire for accomplishment. Here’s an in-depth look…
Psychology of Terrorism- UPSC
Media Influences on Anti-social Behavior- UPSC
Media influences on anti-social behavior represent a critical area of concern within applied psychology, which examines the potential negative impact of media consumption on individual behavior and societal norms. Here’s an overview of the topic under different subheadings: Understanding Anti-Social…
Media Influences on Pro-social Behavior- UPSC
Media influences on pro-social behavior is a significant area of interest within applied psychology, as it pertains to understanding and leveraging media as a tool for fostering positive social behaviors. Understanding Pro-Social Behavior Pro-social behavior refers to voluntary actions intended…
Psychological Interventions for Individual and Team Games- UPSC
Psychological Interventions for Individual Sports Individual sports require athletes to rely on their internal resources, and interventions are tailored to enhance personal motivation, concentration, and stress management. Goal Setting Athletes in individual sports like tennis or golf use goal setting…
Psychological Interventions in Improving Performance of Athletes and Sportspersons
Psychological Interventions in Sports Performance Psychological interventions are strategies used to enhance the mental aspects of athletic performance. Here’s a detailed overview of these interventions under various headings: Goal Setting Definition: Establishing specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives to…
Sports Psychology Explained- UPSC Exam
Sports psychology is a specialized branch of psychology focused on the study and application of psychological principles to improve athletic performance, enhance physical activity experiences, and understand the psychological impacts of sport participation. Here’s an in-depth exploration of the field…
Human Engineering In Defence- UPSC Exam
Military Psychology Explained – UPSC Exam
Military Psychology is a specialized area of psychology that focuses on the study, practice, and application of psychological principles and techniques to military activities. Military psychology encompasses a wide range of practices and research areas, which are geared towards addressing…
Impact of Rapid Scientific and Technological Growth on Degradation of Environment
The rapid advancement in science and technology has transformed modern life, offering countless benefits but also contributing significantly to environmental degradation. This degradation, in turn, has psychological implications, which are of growing interest within the field of environmental psychology. Here’s…
Environmental Psychology Explained- UPSC Exam
Environmental psychology is a field of study that explores the interplay between individuals and their surroundings. It examines how the physical environment influences human behavior and well-being, and how individuals perceive and act within their environment. This field is inherently…
Environmental Psychology- Effects of Noise, Crowding and Pollution
Environmental psychology studies the relationship between humans and their physical environment, focusing on how environmental conditions affect psychological well-being and behavior. Noise, pollution, and crowding are three critical environmental stressors with significant psychological impacts. Noise Psychological Impact of Noise Stress…
Psychological Consequences of Population Explosion and High Population Density- UPSC Exam
Population explosion and high population density have significant psychological consequences. These can range from the individual level, affecting mental health and behavior, to the broader societal level, influencing social structures and community well-being. Here’s a detailed analysis of these consequences:…
Population Psychology- UPSC Exam
Population psychology is a niche field that examines the psychological implications of population dynamics, including population growth, density, fertility rates, migration, aging, and the environmental and social impacts of these factors on individuals and groups. Here’s a detailed look into…
Evolutionary Perspective In Psychology- UPSC Exam
Developmental Perspective In Psychology- UPSC Exam
Humanistic Perspective In Psychology- UPSC Exam
Sociocultural Perspective In Psychology- UPSC Exam
The sociocultural perspective in psychology emphasizes the role of social interaction and cultural determinants in the development of our cognitive abilities and behaviors. It examines how social influences such as culture, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status affect individuals and groups. This…
Cognitive Perspective In Psychology
Behavioral Perspective In Psychology- UPSC Exam
Psychodynamic Perspective In Psychology- UPSC Exam
The psychodynamic perspective is an approach to psychology that studies the psychological forces underlying human behavior, feelings, and emotions and how they might relate to early experience. It is especially focused on the dynamic relations between conscious motivation and unconscious…
Biological Perspective In Psychology- UPSC Exam
Theoretical Perspectives in Psychology -UPSC Exam
Definition Theoretical perspectives in psychology are lenses through which psychologists understand behavior, thought processes, emotions, and overall mental health. These perspectives provide models or ideologies that guide psychologists in their research and clinical practices by offering different explanations for a…
VERSTEHEN- MAX WEBER
Difference Between KARL MARX and MAX WEBER
KARL POPPER- FALSIFICATION AND DEDUCTION AND POSITIVISM IN SOCIOLOGY
Karl Popper was a philosopher of science who developed the theory of falsification as a response to the shortcomings he identified in positivism and other traditional scientific methodologies. Popper’s falsification theory provided a new approach to scientific investigation, emphasizing the…
POSITIVISM AND ITS CRITIQUE IN SOCIOLOGY
CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE IN SOCIOLOGY
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE IN SOCIOLOGY
PATRIARCHY AND SEXUAL DIVISION OF LABOUR
ROBERT K. MERTON- Complete Revision Summary for UPSC Mains
R.K. Merton’s Functional Postulates: Introduction Robert K. Merton, an influential American sociologist, developed a set of functional postulates as part of his functionalist approach to sociology. Functionalism is a theoretical perspective that views society as a complex system of interrelated…
LATENT AND MANIFEST FUNCTIONS- R K MERTON
Merton’s Latent and Manifest Functions: Explanation, Case Studies, and Famous Examples Introduction Sociologist Robert K. Merton developed the concepts of latent and manifest functions as part of his functionalist approach to analyzing social phenomena. Manifest functions are the intended and…
CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE- R K MERTON’S STRAIN THEORY
R.K. Merton’s Strain Theory, Conformity, and Deviance: An In-Depth Explanation Introduction R.K. Merton’s strain theory, developed in the 1930s and 1940s, is a sociological framework that seeks to explain the relationship between social structure, culture, and deviant behavior. The theory…
ANTICIPATORY SOCIALISATION- Reference Group Theory by R K Merton
Anticipatory Socialization: An In-Depth Explanation Introduction Anticipatory socialization is a concept within sociology, initially introduced by Robert K. Merton as part of his reference group theory. This process involves individuals learning and adopting the values, norms, and behaviors of a…
REFERENCE GROUP THEORY- R. K. MERTON
Introduction R.K. Merton’s reference group theory focuses on social comparison and its influence on individual behavior and attitudes. The theory posits that individuals evaluate themselves by comparing their own attributes and achievements to those of a reference group. Definition of…
MAX WEBER- QUICK REVISION SUMMARY
SOCIAL ACTION THEORY Max Weber’s Social Action Theory is a cornerstone of his sociological perspective, which emphasizes the importance of understanding human behavior within its social context. According to Weber, sociology should aim to interpret and understand social action, which…
MODES, MEANS, AND RELATIONS OF PRODUCTION- Karl Marx
DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM- KARL MARX
Introduction Dialectical materialism is a philosophical framework developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, which combines the principles of dialectics and historical materialism. This theory emphasizes the role of material conditions, such as economic factors and social relations, in shaping…
THEORY OF ALIENATION – KARL MARX
Introduction The theory of alienation, also known as species-being or estrangement, is a fundamental concept in Karl Marx’s philosophical and sociological thought. Alienation refers to the process by which individuals become separated from their natural conditions of existence, losing control…
KARL MARX- Quick Revision Summary
HISTORICAL MATERIALISM Historical materialism is a theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that offers a materialist interpretation of history, focusing on the ways in which economic and technological conditions shape social relations, institutions, and ideas. According to Marx,…
IASNOVA SUCCESS RATE IN PRELIMS 2022
QUICK REVISION BOOKLET-PART 2
Defence Topics for Prelims 2022
Agni-Prime Missile Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully test-fired the new generation nuclear-capable ballistic missile ‘Agni Prime’. Agni Prime’ is a short-range (surface to a surface) ballistic missile that will have a range of 1000 km to 1500 km and will…
Quick Revision Booklet- UPSC Prelims 2022
UPI, BHIM-UPI, NPCI, e- RUPI, UP1 123, DigiSaathi – Digital Payments
Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is an instant real-time payment system developed by National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) facilitating inter-bank peer-to-peer (P2P) and person-to-merchant (P2M) transactions. The interface is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and works by instantly transferring…
PVTGs In News – UPSC Prelims 2022
Blockchain Technology- National Strategy on Blockchain Formulated by MeitY
Genetically Modified Crops- GM Soyameal and GM Rubber in News
UNESCO World Heritage Sites- Latest Additions to TENTATIVE LIST from India
TENTATIVE LIST Jingkieng jri: Living Root Bridge Cultural Landscapes NOTE-Living root bridges related state has been asked in past Prelims question paper. Locally known as Jingkieng Jri, Living Root Bridges (LRB) are Ficus-based rural connectivity and livelihood solutions within dense subtropical moist broadleaf…