UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES-Latest Additions from INDIA

2 latest additions to UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites List.

 1. DHOLAVIRA- A Harappan site

  • Dholavira: a Harappan city, is one of the very few well preserved urban settlements in South Asia dating from the 3rd to mid-2nd millennium BCE. Being the 6th largest of more than 1,000 Harappan sites discovered so far, and occupied for over 1,500 years.
  • The property comprises two parts: a walled city and a cemetery to the west of the city. The walled city consists of a fortified Castle with attached fortified Bailey and Ceremonial Ground, and a fortified Middle Town and a Lower Town. A series of reservoirs are found to the east and south of the Citadel.
  • The configuration of the city of Dholavira, during its heyday, is an outstanding example of planned city with planned and segregated urban residential areas based on possibly differential occupational activities, and a stratified society.
  • Technological advancements in water harnessing systems, water drainage systems as well architecturally and technologically developed features are reflected in the design, execution, and effective harnessing of local materials. Unlike other Harappan antecedent towns normally located near to rivers and perennial sources of water, the location of Dholavira in the island of Khadir was strategic to harness different mineral and raw material sources (copper, shell, agate-carnelian, steatite, lead, banded limestone, among others) and to facilitate internal as well as external trade to the Magan (modern Oman peninsula) and Mesopotamian regions.
  • Dholavira is an exceptional example of a proto-historic Bronze Age urban settlement.

 2. Kakatiya Rudreshwara (Ramappa) Temple,   Telangana

 

  • Rudreshwara Temple, at Palampet, Mulugu district, near Warangal in Telangana, is a masterpiece of Kakatiyan style of Temple architecture with the use of engineering innovation by creating floating bricks, sand-box foundations, material selection knowledge and ingenuity in stone sculpting as technological ensemble.
  • Its construction started in 1213 AD during the reign of Recharla Rudra, a general of Kakatiya king Ganapati Deva.
  • It has been built over 40 years by sculptor Ramappa.
  • A sandstone temple dedicated to Ramalingeswara Swamy (Shiva)
  • It is close to the shores of  the RamappaCheruvu, a  Kakatiya-built water  reservoir.
  • The building features decorated beams and pillars of carved granite and dolerite with a distinctive and pyramidal Vimana (horizontally stepped tower) made of lightweight porous bricks, so-called ‘floating bricks’, which reduced the weight of the roof structures. 
  • The chamber of the temple  is crowned by a ‘shikharam’ and surrounded by ‘pradakshinapatha’.
  •  The temple’s sculptures of high artistic quality illustrate regional dance customs and Kakatiyan culture.
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